India Tests Hypersonic Technology, It can also Launch Satellites Into Orbit
India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation has successfully tested the Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV), which has an indigenously development scramjet propulsion system. The hypersonic missile carrier can travel faster than the speed of sound at Mach 6 while carrying a mother rocket or even help launch satellites into Low-Earth Orbit (LEO). The successful test of this technology will help the DRDO advance its development of India’s hypersonic missile, the BrahMos-II
India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully tested its Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV) with an indigenously developed scramjet propulsion system.
The @DRDO_India has today successfully flight tested the Hypersonic Technology Demontrator Vehicle using the indigenously developed scramjet propulsion system. With this success, all critical technologies are now established to progress to the next phase.
— Rajnath Singh (@rajnathsingh) September 7, 2020
This puts India at par with other countries like the US, Russia and Japan who have already tested this technology with success in the past. Earlier it had been reported that China was also working on this technology and even carried out some tests.
The scramjet demonstration Missile is capable of cruising at Mach 6 hypersonic speed while carrying long-range cruise missile warhead. Travelling faster than the speed of sound, which is Mach 1, the HSTDV can be anywhere on Earth within one hour.
This hypersonic vehicle can also be used for launching satellites at a low cost.
In order for a missile to be categorised as hypersonic there are three factors that need to be taken into account. It needs to be able to fly at speeds of at least 5,000 kilometres per hour (Mach 5), keep low and not lose manoeuvrability during flight.
This makes it more unpredictable and lethal as compared to conventional missile systems. Missile systems generally follow a ‘ballistic trajectory’ — paths that are easy to follow and detect. This gives the adversary time to prepare and launch a counter attack.
A hypersonic weapons system on the other hand can change course at will and doesn’t follow any kind of flight plan that the enemy can predict. This also puts a larger area under threat. There’s no time for the targeted region to detect, identify, alert and then try to hit back.
While the HSTDV can carry satellites into space at a low cost, it will mostly be useful for launching them into low-Earth orbit (LEO). This is because in order to launch satellites, rocket engines conventionally use fuel. This fuel consists of two parts — the oxidizer and the igniter.
The HSTDV, on the other hand, uses a scramjet engine. If it goes too high, there won’t be enough oxygen in the atmosphere to support its flight beyond an attitude of 1,000 kilometres.
Nonetheless, the success of HSTDV will help India bring its next-generation hypersonic missile to live — BrahMos-II. It is currently under development by the DRDO in a collaboration with Russia’s NPO Mashinostroyenia.
